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| Metrics | Range | Conclusion |
|---|---|---|
| Selected LTM P/E Multiple | -36.5x - -40.3x | -38.4x |
| Selected Fwd P/E Multiple | -50.4x - -55.7x | -53.0x |
| Fair Value | $21.66 - $23.94 | $22.80 |
| Upside | -25.4% - -17.6% | -21.5% |
| Benchmarks | - | Full Ticker |
| Reinsurance Group of America, Incorporated | - | NYSE:RGA |
| Lincoln National Corporation | - | NYSE:LNC |
| Assurant, Inc. | - | NYSE:AIZ |
| MetLife, Inc. | - | NYSE:MET |
| Atlantic American Corporation | - | NasdaqGM:AAME |
| Kansas City Life Insurance Company | - | OTCPK:KCLI |
| - | - | - |
| Select Price / LTM EPS Ratio | ||||||||
| Benchmark Companies | ||||||||
| RGA | LNC | AIZ | MET | AAME | KCLI | |||
| NYSE:RGA | NYSE:LNC | NYSE:AIZ | NYSE:MET | NasdaqGM:AAME | OTCPK:KCLI | |||
| Historical Net Income Growth | ||||||||
| 5Y CAGR | -3.8% | 29.2% | 21.8% | -5.9% | NM- | NM- | ||
| 3Y CAGR | -15.1% | -5.5% | 8.3% | -14.0% | NM- | NM- | ||
| Latest Twelve Months | -7.8% | -1.6% | -12.4% | 98.8% | -66.4% | -107.8% | ||
| Historical Net Income Profit Margin | ||||||||
| 5 Year Average Margin | 4.0% | 6.7% | 6.4% | 6.5% | 1.6% | 2.6% | ||
| Prior Fiscal Year | 4.9% | -7.1% | 5.8% | 2.1% | -0.3% | 9.8% | ||
| Latest Fiscal Year | 3.2% | 17.7% | 6.4% | 6.0% | -2.5% | -1.0% | ||
| Latest Twelve Months | 3.8% | 6.7% | 5.6% | 5.9% | -1.0% | -1.0% | ||
| Current Trading Multiples | ||||||||
| EV / LTM EBITDA | 9.6x | NA | 1.7x | 10.4x | 19.0x | -38.2x | ||
| Price / LTM Sales | 0.6x | 0.3x | 0.8x | 0.7x | 0.2x | 0.6x | ||
| LTM P/E Ratio | 16.6x | 4.5x | 14.9x | 12.0x | -18.8x | -60.6x | ||
| Low | Mid | High | ||||||
| Benchmark LTM P/E Ratio | -18.8x | 12.0x | 16.6x | |||||
| Historical LTM P/E Ratio | -131.1x | 6.3x | 18.0x | |||||
| Selected P/E Multiple | -36.5x | -38.4x | -40.3x | |||||
| (x) LTM Net Income | (5) | (5) | (5) | |||||
| (=) Equity Value | 169 | 178 | 187 | |||||
| (/) Shares Outstanding | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.7 | |||||
| Implied Value Range | 17.49 | 18.41 | 19.33 | |||||
| FX Rate: USD/USD | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | Market Price | ||||
| Implied Value Range (Trading Cur) | 17.49 | 18.41 | 19.33 | 29.05 | ||||
| Upside / (Downside) | -39.8% | -36.6% | -33.5% | |||||
| Equity Value | |||||||
| Benchmark Companies | |||||||
| (in millions) | RGA | LNC | AIZ | MET | AAME | KCLI | |
| Value of Common Equity | 13,191 | 5,528 | 9,964 | 51,831 | 35 | 281 | |
| (/) Shares Outstanding | 66.1 | 170.7 | 50.7 | 671.3 | 20.4 | 9.7 | |
| Implied Stock Price | 199.61 | 32.38 | 196.52 | 77.21 | 1.72 | 29.05 | |
| FX Conversion Rate to Trading Currency | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Implied Stock Price (Trading Cur) | 199.61 | 32.38 | 196.52 | 77.21 | 1.72 | 29.05 | |
| Trading Currency | USD | USD | USD | USD | USD | USD | |
| FX Rate to Reporting Currency | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |